Gem Lore:
Peridot - derives from the Arabic word ‘faridat’, which translates to ‘gem’. Peridot was first discovered on Topazions Island in the Red Sea, 300BC. Now, known as the Zabargad Island in Egypt or St John’s Island. Peridot has since become the national gemstone of Egypt and it is perceived, that many of Cleopatra’s mysterious jewels were adorned with Peridots, rather than Emeralds. It has been said that it was Cleopatra’s favoured gemstone and regarded by the Egyptians as ‘the gem of the sun'. Peridot is thought to symbolise compassion and harmony.
Garnet - derives from the Latin word ‘garanatus’, which is translated to ‘seed-like’. The discovery of small red crystals bared a similar resemblance to pomegranate seeds. It is not widely known, that garnet can come in a rainbow of hues from red, orange, green and purple. However, red garnets are far more commonly seen with subtle overtones of purple, orange and golden brown. The gemstone has anciently been believed, to bring balance and harmony to the wearer.
Citrine - derives from the latin word ‘citrina’, which translates to ‘lemon’, alluding to the gemstones vivid, honey, yellow hue. In ancient times, the gemstone was known as the ‘merchants stone’ and it was believed that it could bring prosperity and wealth to the owner. The Egyptians were the first to discover Citrine and use the gemstone as a talismans. Citrine thrived during the Hellenistic period in ancient Greece and was frequently fashioned into stones, with engraved gods or goddesses. In addition, the ancient Romans associated the gemstone with Apollo, the god of the sun and light. Citrine is thought to symbolise success and hope.
Amethyst - derives from the Greek word ‘amethystos’, which translates to ‘not drunken’. The ancients greeks believed the stone to behold the power, of preventing intoxication. In ancient Persia, if Amethyst was carved into the sun, it was believed to deflect witchcraft. Amethyst, possesses a variation of intensity: from deep purples with subtle red glints, to pastel lilacs with hints of blue. The symbolisation of protection, has evolved in recent years, to being associated with healing and peace, frequently used in meditations techniques.
Topaz - has been linked with the ancient Greek word ‘Topazions’, which was an island in the Red Sea. The island is currently referred to as ‘Zabargad’ in Egypt (and can further be translated to St John’s Island in english). Coincidentally, the island mined many yellow and green gemstones and incorrectly referred to them as Topaz. Alternatively, the name is thought to derive from the Sanskrit word ‘tapaz’, which translates to ‘fire’. The Egyptians believed that their Sun God Ra, provided the stones golden colour and protected the wearer from harm. Topaz naturally comes in white, yellow, brown and with the aid of treatment, pink and blue. Blue topaz possess a range of shades from: pale 'Sky Blue', to moderate 'Swiss Blue' and vividly saturated 'London Blue’. The most prized variety exhibits an orange body colour with pinkish red overtones and is known as imperial topaz.
Diamond - derives from the Greek word ‘adamas’, which translates to ‘invincible’. Today, the meaning somewhat refers, to the gemstones excellent hardness (ranking 10 on Mohs' scale), hence diamonds are highly resistant to be scratched or abraded by another material, other than diamonds itself. Moreover, diamonds possess the magical phenomenon of fire, which relies on the facetted gemstones ability to disperse (split) light, into a rainbow of colours.
The ancient Egyptians thought diamonds symbolised life, and the Pharaohs were known to place the gemstone in the centre of an ankh cross. Whereas, the ancient Greeks believed diamonds to be the tears of the gods or broken splinters from fallen stars. Alternatively, in ancient Roman literature it is noted that Cupids arrows were ‘diamond tipped’, maybe one of the first references that associates the gemstone with love.
Jewellery Care Precautions:
Avoid direct contact with: perfume, lotions, skincare, hairspray / other chemicals. Remove, your jewellery: when showering, swimming (as both chlorine and saltwater will react with metals), washing your hands / using hand sanitisers, before going to bed or when participating in physical activities (going to the gym, exercising, gardening, housework etc….).
Beware, metals may tarnish over time due to oxygen contact and natural body oils. Prevent items from being exposed to moisture and direct sunlight, for long periods. Store jewellery in a dry place away from humidity, in a pouch/jewellery box and keep each piece separated from each other. Care, for your jewellery by cleaning with a soft dry cloth.
White Gold:
White gold is not an element and does not occur naturally in a pure form. Pure yellow gold is mixed with alloys of white metals (such as palladium) to produce, a silver coloured alloy, known as white gold. It is further coated in a precious metal called rhodium (an element that derives from the same metal family as platinum), to increase its lustrous sheen and protect it from tarnishing and scratching.
Over time with exposure to oxygen and moisture, the rhodium coating will naturally wear and you will begin to see the natural yellow colour of gold. Rings will experience this more than other types of jewellery. The general guide for re-applying rhodium coating to your rings is between 1-2 years. However, the rate of wear depends on the pH level of your skin, exposure and contact to chemicals. For professional cleaning and rhodium coating, our workshop will provide the TLC your jewellery needs.
Peridot, Olivine:
Hardness: 6.5 | Toughness: Fair to Poor | Stability: Fair
Extreme Caution, Avoid: Sudden Impact (pressure, knocks), Cosmetics (hair sprays, lotions, perfumes, make-up), Chemicals (acids, detergents, solvents, nail polish remover), Extreme Temperature Change (thermal shock), Jewellery Cleaners (ultrasonic, steam cleaners).
Gemmological Observation: Avoid wearing whilst doing anything that can cause abrasions or sustaining any knocks. Avoid contact with mild acidic substances as even these can cause damage.
Garnet:
Hardness: 7.25 | Toughness: Good | Stability: Good
Extreme Caution, Avoid: Heat, Extreme Temperature Change (thermal shock), Jewellery Cleaners (ultrasonic, steam cleaners).
Mild Caution, Avoid: Sudden Impact (knocks), Porosity.
Gemmological Observation: Clean with mild soapy water and dry with a soft cloth. Garnets are usually a very durable gemstone. Some stones are prone to damage due to thermal shock. Do not expose them to extreme temperature changes.
Citrine, Crystalline Quartz:
Hardness: 7 | Toughness: Good | Stability: Good
Extreme Caution, Avoid: Light, Extreme Temperature Change (thermal shock), Jewellery Cleaners (steam cleaners).
Mild Caution, Avoid: Heat, Chemicals (acids, detergents, solvents, nail polish remover), Jewellery Cleaners (ultrasonic).
Gemmological Observation: Quartz is pyroelectric, this means that when the gemstone experiences a change in temperature (for instance heat from the sun/lighting) it causes a low-level electrical attraction to fine dust particles. Therefore, you may experience that any quartz-set jewellery may need frequently cleaning.
Amethyst, Crystalline Quartz:
Hardness: 7 | Toughness: Good | Stability: Good
Extreme Caution, Avoid: Light, Extreme Temperature Change (thermal shock), Jewellery Cleaners (steam cleaners).
Mild Caution, Avoid: Heat, Chemicals (acids, detergents, solvents, nail polish remover), Jewellery Cleaners (ultrasonic).
Gemmological Observation: Avoid leaving Amethyst in strong light/heat, as colour may fade, with prolonged exposure. Quartz is pyroelectric, this means that when the gemstone experiences a change in temperature (for instance heat from the sun/lighting) it causes a low-level electrical attraction to fine dust particles. Therefore, you may experience that any quartz-set jewellery may need frequently cleaning.
Topaz:
Hardness: 8 | Toughness: Fair | Stability: Good
Extreme Caution, Avoid: Sudden Impact (pressure, knocks), Extreme Temperature Change (thermal shock), Jewellery Cleaners (ultrasonic, steam cleaners).
Mild Caution, Avoid: Light.
Gemmological Observation: Avoid leaving for long periods in strong light, as in some cases the colour may fade. Avoid any rough handling that can cause abrasions. Topaz has a low toughness, as it possess moderately easy cleavage, which means that the stone can fracture if it experiences a sharp knock.
Diamond:
Hardness: 10 | Toughness: Good | Stability: Excellent
Low Caution: A very durable gemstone, generally it is safe to use in; Jewellery Cleaners (Dips, Ultrasonic, Steam Cleaners).
Gemmological Observation: Diamonds have excellent hardness, this means only a diamond can scratch/abrade another diamond. To avoid scratches, store your diamond set jewellery separately. Diamonds only have good toughness, as they possess perfect cleavage. This means that if knocked in the wrong direction, the diamond can cleave/fracture. Whilst wearing, you will need to avoid: Sudden Impact (sharp knocks). If the diamond is heavily fractured, you will need to avoid using: Jewellery Cleaners (ultrasonic, steam cleaners).
